The Gulf of Cadiz is a geologically complex region located at the junction of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates. Cold-water coral rubble fields, inactive carbonate chimney fields, and >mud volcanoes characterize the continental margin in this area of the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean. These unique geologic features support large colonies of cnidarians. One such cnidarian, a hydroid that is associated with mud volcanoes, has been found to be new to science.
This hydroid, named Tubiclavoides striatum gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), was discovered during an Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission-UNESCO "Training Through Research Programme" research cruise aboard the RV Prof. Logachev. Collected by both Television-assisted grab and >box cores in deep water (1000 to 4000 m in depth), this species is found inhabiting >scleractinian coral debris fields, carbonate structures, and active mud volcanoes. Comparisons of collected samples with the characteristics of existing hydroid species has led researchers to conclude that this is not only a new species, but a new genus, and possibly a new Family. Identifying characteristics of this newly discovered species include:
Additionally, DNA analysis of tissue from this species was compared to published DNA sequences of other hydroid species to test for potential relationships. It was found that this species does not exhibit enough similarity to conclude that this specimen belongs to other established genera of hydroids. This further reinforces the scientists' assertion that this hydroid represents a new species, a new genus, and likely a new Family.
The discovery of this new species of hydroid suggests that there exists many more such new forms of life yet to be discovered along the deep continental margins of the world. These margins have, to date, remained relatively unexplored due to technological and logistical constraints and may represent an exciting new frontier for oceanic research.